Spiral expander tool



D90 30, 1941- A. J. SCHOLTES SPIRAL EXPANDER TOOL 2 sheets-sheet 1IFiled June 29, 19258 v o oo ooo@ l ,li-\%@^wwwwww y ,-E..Emw, o

- Persmap. so, 1941 l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE zasaoss y...i;.f:.::::r::;. apgiieangogunezs, i938. serialize. 216,573

` 3 (Cl. ZMS.

The present invention relates to expander tools,

-and more particularly to the type adapted to `expand tubes, pipesand-thanke. i

An object ofxthe present invention is to. provide an expander tooladapted to be forced or drawnthrough a pipe orgtubefor not onlyexpanding, itbutalso to defornrl the wallfoithe tube and providehelical4 corrugations, beads. ridges or other projectionsl upon theouter surli'ace of the tube. which are adapted to interiit v1or embed inthe inner wall portion of` a hose, another tube. pipe or the like for`interlocking the parts together. i

The inventioncalsotaims at the provision of a tool which vmay be drawnthrough a tube for ex- Vpanding the tube and for corrugating or bendingthe wall of the tube to provide helically arranged beads at theoutersuriace of the tube, the tool in forming the hellcalbeads beinggiven a turning motion during `advancement for reducing thefrictionalresistance of the tool to pass through `the tube. Anotherobject :of the invention is to provide an` improved expanding tool ofthis character whichlsprovidedwith spaced apart heads with spiral ribsthereon, the ribs` on one head extending in a direction opposite to theribs of the `other head so thatthe `iirst head in passing throughthrough a hole coupling having the improved tool applied thereto andready for operation to secure the tube provides helical threads in onedirection on the tube while thesecond head when advancedv into` the tubeprovides helical ribs in an opposite direction and which intersect thefirst ribs, thus` providingcrossed and` angularly disposed beads orprojections upon the outer 'surface of the tube to secure anchorage ofthe tube in a hose or the like.

The inventionv also provides an improved expanding tool which `admits ofits operation` either by drawing or forcing through a tube, and where-`Y,

in the helicalribs of thetube in all 'instances eiect a turning` ot thetool head during its passage through the tubefor not only reducing theresistance to the operation `of the tool,`but to also i aid inI theexpansion off the tube andthe ilorma-V `1 expanding the tube so `thatthe hose is comtul'ie.and operate independently therein.

pressed, sealed and locked in the coupling mem'- ber.

With the foregoing and other objects in view,

the invention will be more fully described hereinafter, and will be moreparticularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto.

In the drawings, wherein like symbols refer to like or correspondingparts throughout the several views.

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section taken the members of thecoupling together..

Figure 2 is a similar view showingthe tool after partial operation andwherein one of the heads of the tool have passed through the tube of thecoupling and the second head is following through the tube.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section taken through the hose couplingproduced by use ofwthe tool. Figure 4 is a side elevation of a hosecoupling prior to being expanded or locked together and showing amodified form ofthe tool -in position for operation on the -hosecoupling.

fFigure 5 is a simiar view showing the modified `form of tool after ithas been fully driven into the coupling.

Figure 6 is a longitudinal section through the form of coupling producedby the modied form of tool, and i Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectionthrough another form of coupling having the tube as a separlate part ofthe coupling member, and upon which either form of the tool of thisinvention may operate. p

Referring now to the drawings, and rst `to Figures 1, 2 and 3, the toolcomprises a shank Il which is screw threaded for a considerable distanceinwardly from its outerend, and which `at itsouter end may be providedwith an angularly faced wrench receiving portion I6 at its forward end.The -wrench receiving portion` I6 may also be provided with a throughopening I1 if desired lfor .the reception of a pin orthe like tofacilitate the operation oi the tool. At its inner end, the

V.shank Ms provided with a pair of spaced apart heads .I1 .and I9. Theheads Il and Il are 'spacedapa-rt a distance equal substantie-ly to thelength of the tube to be' operated upon so that the headsmaypass one ata time through the The heads l|58 and I9 have aslight forward taper sothatf-theirljorward ends may ifreely enter the adjacent end of atubewhile the larger rear end of theheads are of greater diameter than theinitial diameter of the tube for effecting the exf pansion of the tubeas the heads advance there-A through. The heads I8 and I8 may be of thesaine size or dimensions. or may be otherwisei as found convenient foruse and in accordance with the'desired final tube structure.

The head I 8 is providedwith a plurality of coarse threaded spiral ribsl28 which extend inone direction about the head I8 throughout the headthroughout its length but whichextend spirally in an opposite directionto'thatof the ribs 20. As soon as the head I8v is passed through a tube,the head I8, carried on the rear end of the shank I5, is moved into thetube 4 and e'ects the helical corrugating, ridging or beading of thewall of the tube in crossedv relation with respect to the beading formedby'ffthe ribs 28 offthe first head so that`the helical beadsA formedj'jby the second head intersect the beads formedby 'the first head vandprovide a crossed structure having f diamond shaped depressionen in theouter ISur-- f' face of the tube.

The i001 is adapted to be drawn tim'nig'iiv a turbe', coupling has anouter sleeve 24 surrounding the tube 23 in spaced relation thereto andthe end ofk such as the tube 23 of a hose coupling.4 The hose a hose 25is inserted in the space between the sleeve and the tube. The sleeve andthe' tube may be connected together as an integral structure at4 theinner end of the coupling member by means of an annular shoulder 26receiving thereagainst the extremityy of the hose 25.

In securing the coupling member lon the end of the hose, the tool isfirst inserted in the end of the hose with the heads I8 and I9 thereofspaced backwardly from the extremity of the hose. The coupling member isnow slidvover the outer end of the shank I5 of ythe tool and is fittedupon the end of the hose 25. A spacer sleeve 28 may now be freely slidover the outer end of the shank I5 of the tool and is recessed toreceive the outer end of the cbiipling member so that the spacer 28 isshouldered to bearV against the outer end of the coupling. 'The outerendof the spacer sleeve 28 has a flat face 29 against which engages arotatable nut 30 having threaded .engagementl upon the outer end of'theshank-kl I5. The'flat faces of the nut 80 and the end 29`of thespacer sleeve are relatively smooth;` or may be-provided with anysuitable thrust bearing `oi-in'ear'is 'therebe-A tween to admit of thefreeand easy turning of the nut 30 against the endfoffthe spacersleeve'.

2,268,088 n ,l Y n Y .gating or beading instan of the tube 2a andforcing the beads into the inner surface portion yof the hose-25 foreffectively anchoring the hose fagainstwithdrawal from the couplingmemberV l and cooperating'with the expansion .of the tube 281:0lcompress the. hose` into the innerwall of the coupling sleeve 2l andagainst the 4shoulder 28. Thus` as the shank I5 is 'drawn forwardly 'bythe nut 80 the head I8 is'advanced through 10 the tube 2kg ndthe ribs 20of the head effect the rotation of e had in the l' line Aof leastresistance, or in e direction of 'the spiral ribs 20 so that the eansion and beading of the tube 23 `is enacted y a rotary and wedgingaction.

Theex'pnder heads I8 and I8 are shown as part of the shank I5 and rigidtherewith. These heads may be mounted on the shank in any othersuitablemanner. `The coarse threading of the beads 20 and 2| causes theheads to turnslowly in the-tube ybeing -expanded ,while the fine threadson- .the shank Il permitsvthe shank to advance slowly under action ofthefreely turning nut 20, the` nut of course turning at a relativelygreater speedthanthat of 'the rotation ofv the j heads, g and thedifference fin'y turning.v and l advancement "being taken upthroughtheturning-ofthe shank I5 in the nut 8l'.V- i.

As shown ln..Figure2,.-.after the headv I8 has 'passedthrough ,the tube28'thetube is provided with helical beads 3 I .extending in onedirection and .which are firmly embeddedl inthe inner wall ofthejhose.-The' secondhead Il enters the adiacjzent`v endf'of Athe tube 23 and theribs 2| thereof engage inthe inner walivof the tube and expand'theengaging 'portions of the wall into Y helicalrib'sjrwhich extendin anopposite directionv to the ribs 3I and `which intersectthe same toprovide the diamond shaped intermediate flat Awall vportions l22.` Qnthe outer surface of the tub'e28- these diamondshaped flat portions arein the forni-of depressions into which are moulded or 'compressed' theinner surface portion of the hose 25, thusproviding. a` relatively largenumber oigindependent points of anchorage between the hose .and thetabak-As the beads 3I Vand 32 areflof ..helical formv and*` intersectone another, theyprovide angularly disposed abutlatter' not only againstaiial strain but 60- .ments embedded in the hose 25l so as to hold thealso against torsional strain.

l i .After the two headsJ .and I8 haver-passed through the tube 23,thelifhose coupling is left `in the form shown in Figure "3 wherein theend of the hose is securely locked and sealed in the coupling member notonly by the deformingof the tube 23 but also by thecompressionand.deforming of the end of the hose`25.

In the form of the invention shown in Figures Airland 5, the shank I5*of the tool is provided withfthe wrench receiving portion I6 at itsouterienid and spaced inwardly from the portion I8a isa anrijiilarstopflange 33 adapted to engage fagainst fthe-outer end of the -hosecoupling 'to The turning of the nut ddraws the shank I5 is provided bythe turning of the nut for drawing the heads `III 'and'.I8`foiwardlythrough,the tube 2l of the hose coupling.v Asthe head I8appreaches the adjacent end of the tube' 23,- the tapering forward endof the head enters the tube and the head gradually engages the ltube andlexpands it against the hose 25, the lribs 28 corru-r limit 'I l'ieinneren the shanlef -I 5251s providedvjvith a relatively lion' 38,5which-*at `its forward end may-'be of substantially cylindricalconstruction,. sucli'a's totliepoint indicated by the' broken line.35,'and which has a gradiial taper from the plane of the'lfne 15g-tothe rear end of the head, as-showm-The head I lis provided from end totheinward thrust or movement of the shank 'end with coarse spiralribs."'8llextending in one directiony and which 'are adapted to engagethe inner wall of the tube 28 fromthe outer end thereof as the expandertool is forced through the coupling. If desired, the forward end of thetube 23 may be provided with an inwardly struck annular bead or ridge23a which provides a relatively short Yconstricted neck portion to thetube 23 to facilitate the engagement of the spiral ribs 35 into theinner wall of the tube 23 and to thus initiate the rotation or turningof the expander tool as it is turned or otherwise forced into the tube23. end, the bead or ridge 23a of the` tube as Well as the body portionof the tube are gradually expanded from the position shown in Figure 4to that shown in Figure 5 and at the same time the ribs 36 of the headcorrugate or expand the walls of the tube so as to provide therein thehelical beads which extend through the walls As the tool head 34 tapersat its rear of the tube 23 and project from the outside l ly expand thetube throughout its length, and at the same time the head 34 is retainedin threaded engagement with the tube so that the tool maybe readilyremoved from the hose coupling by merely rotating the shank |52 with itshead 34 in a reverse direction.

Assho'wn in Figure 6, the completed coupling is `shown with helicalbeads 31 extending in one direction and with the tube 23 expandedagainst andinto the inner wall of the hose 25 to compress the latteragainst the sleeve 24 of the coupling and against the sealing shoulder26. Of course the ribs 3B on the tool head 34 may extend in an oppositedirection, and be made of any desired'pitch or depth to suit conditionsof the work.

In Figure 7 the form of hose coupling may be` of the type wherein thesleeve 38 is provided with an inner part or tube 39 which is formedseparately from the sleeve 38 and assembled therein. In this instancethe tube 39 extends through the outer. end 40 of the hose coupling andis slightly flared at its outer end as at 4| and slightly crimped in theopposite end of the coupling as at 42 to engage the inner edge portionof the lshoulder 43 of the sleeve 38. In this instance the portion ofthe tube 39 disposed Within .the sleeve 38 may be ridged or beadedinwardly as at 44 to initially receive the reduced-end and the ribs of`the tool head. The operation of the tool upon this form of hosecoupling is identical to that shown in Figures 4 and 5 may be reversedon l the shank l5a and be operated by drawing outwardly through couplinginstead of binglforced inwardly as shown in Figures 4 and 5. In thisinstance the stop flange 33 is not used and the shank I5a is of suitablelength to vadmit insertion of the head 34 prior to and beyondthecoupling tube 23. The operation and results are the same in bothinstances.

What is claimed is:

l. Aspiral expander tool for expanding permanent hose couplings having anipple engaging in the end of aA hose,` comprising a shank, a pair offrusto-conical heads on said shank adjacent one end thereof, meanscarried by the other end of the shank adapted to draw said shank andheads outwardly through said hose coupling nipple, each of said headshaving their small ends toward said other end of the shank to provide ataper in the direction of withdrawal through the nipple,v one headhaving exterior spiral ribs extending in one direction and the otherhead having exterior spiral ribs extending in the other direction,whereby upon withdrawal through the nipple to expand the same the firstheadlforms helical beads in one direction in the Wall of the nipple andthe second head forms helical beads in the wall of the nipple extendingin an opposite direction intersecting the rst helical beads, saidintersecting helical beads adapted to embed in the inner wall of thehose and provide depressions between the beads for receiving spacedportions of the hose.

.2. The herein described process for assembling flexible hose tometallic couplings in which the hose is received over a drawn metalradially expansible nipple, which consists in axially moving anexpanding tool having a substantially conv ical head through the nipple,simultaneously with its axial movement rotating said head to cause thecone surface to progress diagonally across the line of the grainstructure and other imperfections of the drawn metal nipple, andcoincident with both of the foregoing steps locally deforming the nipplethrough its cylindrical wall to create high and low spots externally onthe nipple with the high spots embedded in the hose.

3. 'I'he herein described process for assembling exible hose to metalliccouplings in which the nose is received over a drawn metal radiallyexpansible nipple, which consists in axially moving an expanding toolhaving a substantially conical head through the nipple, andsimultaneously with its axial movement rotating said head to cause thecone surface to progress'diagonally across the line of the grainstructure and other imperfections of the drawn metal nipple.

ALBERT J. SCHOLTES.

